By Zahid Ikram
Science
in Quran : Medical
Science in Quran
§
Creation
From Clay
§
The
Creation Of Human Beings From Water
§
The
Sequence In Development Of Human Organs
§
The
Programming In Genes
§
The
Identity In The Fingerprint
§
Skin
Reproduce after Burn
§
Health
Benefits
§
The Ears Are Active During Sleep
§
The Importance Of Movement In Sleep
§
Chest Contraction With Increasing Height
§
Miraculous
Mixture Mother Milk
§
The
Menstrual Period
§
Pregnancy
And Birth
§
Smell
Transference
§
Stress
And Depression
§
The
Region That Controls Our Movements
§
Coronary
By-Pass Surgery
§
The
Truth Of Destin
§
Forgiveness
According To The Morals Of Islam And Its Benefits On Health
§
Hearts
Find Peace In The Remembrance Of Allah
§
How
Prayer Accelerates The Treatment Of The Sick
THE BIRTH OF A HUMAN
BEING
سُوۡرَةُ
الواقِعَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
هَـٰذَا
نُزُلُهُمۡ
يَوۡمَ
ٱلدِّينِ (٥٦)
نَحۡنُ
خَلَقۡنَـٰكُمۡ
فَلَوۡلَا
تُصَدِّقُونَ
(٥٧)
أَفَرَءَيۡتُم
مَّا
تُمۡنُونَ (٥٨)
ءَأَنتُمۡ
تَخۡلُقُونَهُ ۥۤ
أَمۡ نَحۡنُ
ٱلۡخَـٰلِقُونَ
(٥٩)
ہم نے
تم کو پیدا
کیا ہے تو تم کیوں
سچ نہیں
سمجھتے؟ (۵۷) دیکھو
تو کہ جس کو تم ڈالتے
ہو (۵۸)
کیا تم اس کو
بناتے ہو یا
ہم بناتے ہیں؟
(۵۹)
It is We Who have created
you. Why, then, do you not accept the truth? Have you ever considered that
[seed] which you emit? Is it you who create it? Or are We
the Creator? (Quran,
56:57-59)
The creation of human
being is emphasized in many verses. Some of the information within these verses
is so detailed that it was impossible for anyone living in the 7th century to
have known it. Examples of these are as follows:
o
Man is created from a sperm not from the entire semen.
o
It is the male that determines the gender of the baby.
o
The human embryo sticks to the mother's uterus like a leech.
o
The embryo develops in three dark regions in the uterus.
The discovery of these
facts could only become possible by the technology attained in the 20th
century.
Now, let us examine:
A Drop of Semen
In the picture you see semen
ejected into the uterus. Only very few sperms out of 250 million sperms (The male reproductive cell;
"a sperm
is mostly a nucleus surrounded by little other cellular material")
the male gamete (A mature sexual reproductive cell
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes)
emitted from the male can make it to the ovum (The female reproductive cell; the
female gamete). The sperm that will fertilize
the egg is the only one out of a thousand sperms that
have managed to survive.
The fact that man is made not
from the entire semen—but only a small part of it—is related in the Quran with
the expression, "a drop of ejected semen."
Sperm undertake a
journey into the mother's body until they reach the ovum. Only a thousand out
of 250 million sperm succeed in reaching the ovum. At the end of this
five-minute race, the ovum, half the size of a grain of salt, will let only one
of the sperms in. That is, the substance of man is not the whole semen, but
only a small part of it. This is explained in the
سُوۡرَةُ
القِیَامَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
(٣٥)
أَيَحۡسَبُ
ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ
أَن يُتۡرَكَ
سُدًى (٣٦) أَلَمۡ
يَكُ
نُطۡفَةً۬
مِّن
مَّنِىٍّ۬
يُمۡنَىٰ (٣٧) ثُمَّ
كَانَ
عَلَقَةً۬
فَخَلَقَ
فَسَوَّىٰ (٣٨)
فَجَعَلَ
مِنۡهُ
ٱلزَّوۡجَيۡنِ
ٱلذَّكَرَ
وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰٓ
(٣٩)
کیا
وہ منی
کا جو
رحم میں ڈالی
جاتی ہے ایک
قطرہ
نہ تھا؟ (۳۷)
پھر لوتھڑا
ہوا پھر (خدا
نے) اس کو
بنایا پھر (اس
کے اعضا کو)
درست کیا
(۳۸) پھر اس
کی دو قسمیں
بنائیں مرد
اور عورت (۳۹)
Does man reckon he will be left uncontrolled [without
purpose]? Was he not once a drop of ejected semen? Then
he became a clot; then (Allah) shaped and fashioned (38) And
made of him a pair, the male and female. (39) (Quran, 75:36-39)
As mentioned in Quran that
man is made not from the entire semen,
but only a small part of it. This fact only discovered by modern science is
evidence that the Quran is the Word of Allah.
The Mixture in the Semen
In the Quran, it is said that male
or female are created out of "a drop of semen which has been
ejected." Until fairly recently, it was believed that a baby's sex
was determined by the mother's cells. Science only discovered this information
given in the Quran in the 20th century. This and many other similar
details about the creation of man were stated in the Quran centuries ago.
The fluid referred to
as semen (The thick white fluid
containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract), which contains the sperm, does not consist of sperm alone. On
the contrary, it is made up of a mixture of different fluids. Seminal fluid is a collection of
substances secreted from the testicles, the seminal vesicles, the prostate
gland and glands linked to the urinary tract. A detailed analysis of this fluid
shows that it consists of a great many separate substances, such as citric acid, prostaglandin, flavin, ascorbic acid, ergothioneine,
cholesterol, phospholipids, fibrinolysin, zinc, phosphatase acid, phosphase, hyaluronidase and sperm.
These fluids exercise different functions, such as containing the sugar
necessary for providing energy for the sperm, neutralizing the acids at the
entrance of the uterus, and providing a slippery substance for the easy
movement of the sperm.
When semen is
mentioned in the Quran, this fact, which was discovered by modern science, is
also referred to, and semen is defined
as a mixed fluid:
سُوۡرَةُ
دهر /
الإنسَان
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
هَلۡ
أَتَىٰ عَلَى
ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنِ
حِينٌ۬ مِّنَ
ٱلدَّهۡرِ
لَمۡ يَكُن
شَيۡـًٔ۬ا
مَّذۡكُورًا (١) إِنَّا
خَلَقۡنَا
ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ
مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ
أَمۡشَاجٍ۬
نَّبۡتَلِيهِ
فَجَعَلۡنَـٰهُ
سَمِيعَۢا
بَصِيرًا (٢)
بےشک
انسان پر
زمانے میں ایک
ایسا وقت بھی
آچکا ہے کہ وہ
کوئی چیز قابل
ذکر نہ تھی (۱)
ہم نے انسان
کو نطفہٴ
مخلوط سے
پیدا کیا تاکہ
اسے آزمائیں
تو ہم نے اس کو
سنتا دیکھتا
بنایا (۲)
Hath there come upon man (ever) any
period of time in which he was a thing unremembered? (1) We created man from a mingled
drop
to test him, and We made him hearing and seeing. (2) (Quran, 76:1-2)
In other verses, semen
is again referred to as a mixture, and it is stressed that man is created from
the "extract" of this
mixture:
سُوۡرَةُ
السَّجدَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
ٱلَّذِىٓ
أَحۡسَنَ
كُلَّ شَىۡءٍ
خَلَقَهُ ۥۖ
وَبَدَأَ
خَلۡقَ
ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنِ
مِن طِينٍ۬ (٧)
ثُمَّ جَعَلَ
نَسۡلَهُ ۥ
مِن سُلَـٰلَةٍ۬
مِّن
مَّآءٍ۬
مَّهِينٍ۬ (٨) ثُمَّ
سَوَّٮٰهُ
وَنَفَخَ
فِيهِ مِن
رُّوحِهِۦۖ
وَجَعَلَ
لَكُمُ
ٱلسَّمۡعَ
وَٱلۡأَبۡصَـٰرَ
وَٱلۡأَفۡـِٔدَةَۚ
قَلِيلاً۬
مَّا
تَشۡڪُرُونَ (٩)
جس
نے ہر چیز کو
بہت اچھی طرح
بنایا (یعنی)
اس کو پیدا
کیا۔ اور
انسان کی
پیدائش کو مٹی
سے شروع کیا (۷)
پھر اس کی نسل خلاصے سے (یعنی)
حقیر پانی سے
پیدا کی (۸)
پھر اُس کو
درست کیا پھر
اس میں اپنی(
طرف سے) روح
پھونکی اور
تمہارے کان
اور آنکھیں
اور دل بنائے
مگر تم بہت کم
شکر کرتے ہو (۹)
He Who has created all things
in the best possible way. He commenced the creation of man from clay. (7) Then He made his
progeny from an extract of discarded fluid. (8) Then He fashioned him and breathed
into him of His Spirit; and appointed for you hearing and sight and hearts.
Small thanks give ye! (9) (Quran, 32:7-9)
The Arabic word "sulala,"
translated as "extract,"
means the essential or best part of something. By either meaning, it refers to
"part of a whole." This
shows that the Quran is the Word of Allah, Who knows the creation of man to its
minute details.
The Sex of the Child
Not long ago, it was
thought that a baby's gender was determined by the mother's cells. Or at least,
it was believed that the gender was determined by the male and female cells
together. But, we are given different information in the Quran, where it is
stated that male or female is created
out of "a drop of sperm which has been ejected."
سُوۡرَةُ
النّجْم
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
وَأَنَّهُ ۥ
خَلَقَ
ٱلزَّوۡجَيۡنِ
ٱلذَّكَرَ
وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰ
(٤٥) مِن
نُّطۡفَةٍ إِذَا
تُمۡنَىٰ (٤٦)
اور
یہ کہ وہی نر
اور مادہ دو
قسم پیدا
کرتا ہے (۴۵) نطفے سے جو (رحم میں)
ڈالا جاتا ہے (۴۶)
He has created both sexes, male and female from a
drop of semen which has been ejected. (Quran, 53:45-46)
سُوۡرَةُ
القِیَامَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
أَلَمۡ
يَكُ
نُطۡفَةً۬
مِّن
مَّنِىٍّ۬
يُمۡنَىٰ (٣٧)
ثُمَّ كَانَ
عَلَقَةً۬
فَخَلَقَ
فَسَوَّىٰ (٣٨)
فَجَعَلَ
مِنۡهُ
ٱلزَّوۡجَيۡنِ
ٱلذَّكَرَ
وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰٓ
(٣٩)
کیا
وہ منی کا
جو رحم میں
ڈالی جاتی ہے ایک
قطرہ نہ تھا؟
(۳۷) پھر
لوتھڑا ہوا
پھر (خدا نے) اس
کو بنایا پھر
(اس کے اعضا کو)
درست کیا
(۳۸) پھر اس
کی دو قسمیں
بنائیں مرد
اور عورت (۳۹)
Was he not a drop of ejaculated sperm, then a blood-clot
which He created and shaped, making from it both sexes, male and female? (Quran, 75:37-39)
The developing
disciplines of genetics and molecular biology (The branch of
biology that studies the structure and activity of macromolecules essential to
life and especially with their genetic role) have scientifically validated the accuracy of this information
given by the Quran. It is now understood that gender is determined by the sperm cells from the male, and that the
female has no role in this process.
The Y chromosome carries characteristics of masculinity, while the X chromosome carries those of
femininity. In the mother's egg, there is only the X chromosome, which
determines female characteristics. In
the semen from the father, there are sperms that include either X or Y chromosomes. Therefore, the sex
of the baby depends on whether the sperm fertilizing the egg contains an X or Y
chromosome. In other words, as stated in the verse, the factor determining the gender of the baby is the semen, which comes from the father. This
knowledge, which could not have been known at the time when the Quran was
revealed, is evidence to the fact that the Quran is the Word of Allah.
Chromosomes (A threadlike strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid - a long linear polymer found in
the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a
double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information) in
the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order "humans have 22
chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosomes") are the main elements in
determining sex.
Two of the 46 chromosomes that determine the structure of a human being are identified as
the sex
chromosomes. These two
chromosomes are called "XY"
in males and “XX” in females,
because the shapes of the chromosomes resemble these letters. The Y chromosome
carries the genes that code for masculinity, while the X chromosome carries the
genes that code for femininity.
The
formation of a new human being begins with the cross
combination of one of these chromosomes, which exist in males and females in
pairs. In females, both components of the sex cell, this divides into two
during ovulation
(The expulsion of an
ovum from the ovary usually midway in the menstrual cycle), carry X chromosomes. The sex cell of a male, on the other hand,
produces two different kinds of sperm, one that contains X chromosomes and the
other Y chromosomes. If an X chromosome from the female unites with a sperm
that contains an X chromosome, then the baby is female. If it unites with the
sperm that contains a Y chromosome, the baby is male.
In other
words, a baby's sex is determined by which chromosome from the male unites with
the female's ovum.
None of this was known
until the discovery of genes in the 20th century. Indeed, in many
cultures, it was believed that a baby's sex was determined by the female. That
was why women were blamed when they gave birth to girls.
Fourteen centuries
before human genes were discovered, however, the Quran revealed information
that denies this superstition, and referred to the origin of sex lying not with
women, but with the semen deriving from men.
The “Alaq" Clinging to the Uterus
In the first phase of its
development, the baby in the mother's womb is in the form of a zygote
(fertilized ovum), which clings (holds close/tight) to the uterus in
order to take nourishment from the mother's blood. In the picture to the left
is a zygote, which looks like a piece of flesh. This formation, which has been
discovered by modern embryology, was miraculously stated in the Quran 14
centuries ago with the word "alaq," which means "a
thing that clings to some place" and is used to describe leeches that
cling to a body to suck blood.
If we continue to
examine the facts announced to us in the Quran, about the formation of human
beings, we again encounter some very important scientific truth.
When the sperm of the
male unites with the ovum of the female, the essence of the baby to be born is
formed. This single cell, known as a "zygote" in biology, will
instantly begin reproducing by dividing, and eventually become a "piece of
flesh," called an embryo. This,
of course, can only be seen by human beings with the aid of a microscope.
The embryo, however, does not spend its developmental period in a void. It
clings to the uterus, with something like roots that is firmly fixed to the
earth by its tendrils. Through this bond, the embryo can obtain the substances
essential to its development from the mother's body. Keith L. Moore, et al., Human Development as Described in
the Qur'an and Sunnah (Makkah: Commission on Scientific Signs of the Qur'an and Sunnah, 1992), 36.
Here, an important
miracle of the Quran is revealed. While referring to the embryo developing in
the mother's womb, Allah uses the word "alaq" in the Quran:
سُوۡرَةُ
العَلق
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
ٱقۡرَأۡ
بِٱسۡمِ
رَبِّكَ
ٱلَّذِى
خَلَقَ (١) خَلَقَ
ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ
مِنۡ عَلَقٍ (٢)
ٱقۡرَأۡ
وَرَبُّكَ
ٱلۡأَكۡرَمُ (٣)
اپنے
پروردگار کا
نام لے کر
پڑھو جس نے پیدا
کیا (۱) جس نے
انسان کو خون
کی پھٹکی سے
بنایا (۲)
پڑھو اور
تمہارا
پروردگار بڑا
کریم ہے (۳)
Recite: In the name of your Lord Who
created man from alaq. Recite: And your
Lord is the Most Generous. (Quran,
96:1-3)
The meaning of the
word "alaq"
in Arabic is "a thing that clings to some place." The word is
literally used to describe leeches that cling to a body to suck blood.
Certainly, the use of
such a specific word for the embryo developing in the mother's womb, proves once again that the Qur'an
is the Word of Allah, the Lord of all the Worlds.
The Wrapping of Muscles over the Bones
Another important information provided in the verses of the Quran is the
developmental stages of a human developing fetus in the mother's womb. It is
stated in these verses that in the mother's womb, the bones develop first, and
then the muscles form which wrap around them.
سُوۡرَةُ
المؤمنون
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
ثُمَّ
خَلَقۡنَا
ٱلنُّطۡفَةَ
عَلَقَةً۬ فَخَلَقۡنَا
ٱلۡعَلَقَةَ
مُضۡغَةً۬
فَخَلَقۡنَا
ٱلۡمُضۡغَةَ
عِظَـٰمً۬ا
فَكَسَوۡنَا
ٱلۡعِظَـٰمَ
لَحۡمً۬ا
ثُمَّ
أَنشَأۡنَـٰهُ
خَلۡقًا
ءَاخَرَۚ
فَتَبَارَكَ
ٱللَّهُ
أَحۡسَنُ
ٱلۡخَـٰلِقِينَ
(١٤)
پھر
نطفے کا
لوتھڑا
بنایا۔ پھر
لوتھڑے کی
بوٹی بنائی
پھر بوٹی کی
ہڈیاں بنائیں
پھر ہڈیوں پر
گوشت (پوست)
چڑھایا۔ پھر
اس کو نئی
صورت میں بنا
دیا۔ تو خدا
جو سب سے بہتر
بنانے والا بڑا
بابرکت ہے (۱۴)
[We] then formed the drop into a clot and formed the
clot into a lump and formed the lump into bones and clothed the bones in flesh;
and then brought him into being as another creature. Blessed be Allah, the Best
of Creators! (Quran,
The bones of the baby completing its development in
the mother's womb are clothed with flesh during one particular stage exactly as
stated in the Quran.
Embryology is the branch of science that studies the development of the
embryo in the mother's womb. Until very recently, embryologists assumed that
the bones and muscles in an embryo developed at the same time. Yet, advanced
microscopic research conducted by virtue of new technological developments has
revealed that the revelation of the Quran is word for word correct.
These observations at
the microscopic level showed that the development inside the mother's womb
takes place in just the way it is described in these verses. First, the
cartilage tissue of the embryo ossifies. Then, muscular cells that are selected
from amongst the tissue around the bones come together and wrap around the
bones.
This event is
described in a scientific publication titled Developing Human in the following
words:
… [T]he
shape of the skeleton determines the general appearance of the embryo in the
bones stage during the 7th week; muscles do not develop at the same
time but their development follows soon after. The muscles take their positions
around the bones throughout the body and therefore clothe the bones. Thus, the
muscles take their well known forms and structures… The stage of clothing with
muscle occurs during the 8th week… Keith L. Moore, Developing Human, 3rd ed. (W. B. Saunders
Company: 1982), 364a
In short,
developmental stages of man, as described in the Quran, are in perfect harmony
with the findings of modern embryology.
Many stages of a baby's development in the
mother's womb are related in the Quran. As described in
Three Dark Stages of the Baby in the
Womb
In the Quran, it is
related that man is created through a three-stage
process in the mother's womb.
سُوۡرَةُ
الزُّمَر
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ
ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
خَلَقَكُم
مِّن
نَّفۡسٍ۬
وَٲحِدَةٍ۬
ثُمَّ جَعَلَ
مِنۡہَا
زَوۡجَهَا
وَأَنزَلَ
لَكُم مِّنَ
ٱلۡأَنۡعَـٰمِ
ثَمَـٰنِيَةَ
أَزۡوَٲجٍ۬ۚ
يَخۡلُقُكُمۡ
فِى بُطُونِ
أُمَّهَـٰتِڪُمۡ
خَلۡقً۬ا
مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ
خَلۡقٍ۬ فِى
ظُلُمَـٰتٍ۬
ثَلَـٰثٍ۬ۚ
ذَٲلِكُمُ
ٱللَّهُ
رَبُّكُمۡ لَهُ
ٱلۡمُلۡكُۖ
لَآ
إِلَـٰهَ
إِلَّا هُوَۖ
فَأَنَّىٰ
تُصۡرَفُونَ (٦)
اسی
نے تم کو ایک
شخص سے پیدا
کیا پھر اس سے
اس کا جوڑا
بنایا اور اسی
نے تمہارے لئے
چار پایوں میں
سے آٹھ جوڑے بنائے۔ وہی
تم کو تمہاری
ماؤں کے پیٹ
میں (پہلے) ایک
طرح پھر دوسری
طرح تین اندھیروں
میں بناتا ہے۔ یہی خدا
تمہارا
پروردگار ہے
اسی کی
بادشاہی ہے۔
اس کے سوا
کوئی معبود
نہیں پھر تم
کہاں پھرے
جاتے ہو؟ (۶)
... He creates you stage by stage in your mothers'
wombs in threefold darkness. That is Allah, your Lord.
Sovereignty is His. There is no god but Him. So what has made you deviate? (Quran, 39:6)
The expression "fee thulumatin thalathin,"
translated into English as "a threefold darkness,"
indicates three dark regions involved during the development of the embryo.
These are:
1.
The darkness of the
abdomen
2.
The darkness of the
womb
3.
The darkness of the
placenta
As we have seen,
modern biology has revealed that the embryological development of the baby
takes place in the manner revealed in the verse, in three dark regions.
Moreover, advances in the science of embryology show that these regions consist
of three layers each.
In
The lateral abdominal
wall comprises three layers: the external oblique,
the internal oblique, and transverses abdominis
muscles. http://anatomy.med.unsw.edu.au/cbl/embryo/Notes/git4.htm and www.yoursurgery.com/ProcedureDetails.cfm?BR=1&Proc=74
Similarly, the wall of the womb also consists of three layers: the epimetrium, the myometrium and the endometrium. http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/uyeshiros/AP50/Repro.htm
Similarly
again, the placenta surrounding the embryo also consists of three layers: the amnion (the
internal membrane around the fetus), the chorion (the middle amnion
layer) and the decidua
(outer amnion layer.) Kazi, 130 Evident Miracles in the Quran, 84
It is also pointed out
in this verse that a human being is created in the mother's womb in three distinct stages.
Indeed, modern biology
has also revealed that the baby's embryological development takes place in
three distinct regions in the mother's womb. Today, in all the embryology
textbooks studied in departments of medicine, this subject is taken as an
element of basic knowledge. For instance, in Basic Human Embryology,
a fundamental reference text in the field of embryology, this fact is stated as
follows:
The life in the uterus
has three stages: pre-embryonic; first two and a half weeks, embryonic; until
the end of the eight week, and fetal; from the eight week to labor. Williams P., Basic Human Embryology, 3rd ed., 1984, 64
These phases refer to
the different developmental stages of a baby. In brief, the main
characteristics of these developmental stages are as follows:
o
Pre-embryonic Stage
In this first phase, the zygote grows by division, and when it becomes a cell cluster, it buries itself in the
wall of the uterus. While they continue growing, the cells organize themselves
in three layers.
o
Embryonic Stage
The second phase lasts for five and a half weeks, during which the
baby is referred to as an "embryo."
During this stage, the basic organs and systems of the body start to appear
from the cell layers.
o
Foetal Stage
From this stage onward, the embryo is called a
"fetus." This phase begins
at the eighth week of gestation, and lasts until the moment of birth. The
distinctive characteristic of this stage is that the fetus looks much like a
human being, with its face, hands and feet. Although it is only 3 cm long
initially, all of its organs have become apparent. This phase lasts for about
30 weeks, and development continues until the week of delivery.
Information on the
development in the mother's womb became available only after observations with
modern devices. Yet, just like many other scientific facts, in a miraculous
way, Allah draws our attention to these items of information in the verses of
the Quran. The fact that such detailed and accurate information was given in
the Quran at a time when people had scarce information on medical matters is
clear evidence that the Quran is the Word of Allah. http://www.miraclesofthequran.com/scientific_57.html
THE EARS ARE ACTIVE DURING SLEEP
سُوۡرَةُ
الکهف
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
وَتَحۡسَبُہُمۡ
أَيۡقَاظً۬ا
وَهُمۡ
رُقُودٌ۬ۚ
وَنُقَلِّبُهُمۡ
ذَاتَ ٱلۡيَمِينِ
وَذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِۖ
وَكَلۡبُهُم
بَـٰسِطٌ۬
ذِرَاعَيۡهِ
بِٱلۡوَصِيدِۚ
لَوِ ٱطَّلَعۡتَ
عَلَيۡہِمۡ
لَوَلَّيۡتَ
مِنۡهُمۡ
فِرَارً۬ا
وَلَمُلِئۡتَ
مِنۡہُمۡ رُعۡبً۬ا
(١٨)
So We sealed their ears [with sleep] in the cave for a number of years. (Quran,
تو
ہم نے غار میں
کئی سال تک ان کے
کانوں پر (نیند
کا) پردہ
ڈالے (یعنی ان
کو سلائے) رکھا (۱۱)
The original Arabic of the phrase "We sealed their ears" in the Quran
is the verb daraba. This bears the metaphorical
meaning of "We have made them sleep." Used in reference to the ears, daraba means "preventing
the ears from hearing." The fact that only the sense of hearing is
mentioned here is very significant.
According to recent scientific discoveries, the ear is the only sensory organ active while a person is
sleeping. This is why we need an alarm clock to wake up. The wisdom of the
phrase "We sealed their ears"
is, in all probability, that Allah closed the hearing of the young people in
question, for which reason they remained asleep for many years.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MOVEMENT IN SLEEP
سُوۡرَةُ
الکهف
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
وَتَحۡسَبُہُمۡ
أَيۡقَاظً۬ا
وَهُمۡ
رُقُودٌ۬ۚ
وَنُقَلِّبُهُمۡ
ذَاتَ ٱلۡيَمِينِ
وَذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِۖ
وَكَلۡبُهُم
بَـٰسِطٌ۬
ذِرَاعَيۡهِ
بِٱلۡوَصِيدِۚ
لَوِ ٱطَّلَعۡتَ
عَلَيۡہِمۡ
لَوَلَّيۡتَ
مِنۡهُمۡ
فِرَارً۬ا
وَلَمُلِئۡتَ
مِنۡہُمۡ رُعۡبً۬ا
(١٨)
You would have supposed them to be
awake, whereas in fact they were asleep. We moved them to the right and to the left, and, at the entrance, their dog stretched out
its paws. If you had looked down and seen them, you would have turned from them
and run, and have been filled with terror at the sight of them. (Quran,
اور
تم ان کو خیال
کرو کہ جاگ
رہے ہیں
حالانکہ وہ
سوتے ہیں۔ اور ہم ان
کو دائیں اور
بائیں کروٹ
بدلاتے تھے۔
اور ان کا کتا
چوکھٹ پر
دونوں ہاتھ پھیلائے
ہوئے تھا۔ اگر
تم ان کو
جھانک کر دیکھتے
تو پیٹھ پھیر
کر بھاگ جاتے
اور ان سے
دہشت میں
آجاتے (۱۸)
The above verse refers to the People of the Cave, who
remained asleep for hundreds of years. In addition, Allah also reveals that
He moved their bodies to the left and right. The wisdom of this was only
discovered in recent times.
People who remain lying
down in the same position for long period of time encounter serious health
problems, such as circulation difficulties, sores, and blood clotting in that
part of the body in contact with the surface on which they lie.
The resulting sores are known as "bed sores" or "pressure sores." Due to the
constant pressure on one part of the body when one is not moving for a long
period of time, the blood vessels become constricted and can close altogether.
As a result, the oxygen and other nutrients carried by the blood fail to reach
the skin, and the skin begins to die. This leads to the appearance of sores on
the body. Unless these sores are treated, fat and muscles can also die.
These sores, which form under the skin or
tissue, can assume serious dimensions unless treated. If they become infected, they can even lead to death. The
healthiest thing to do, therefore, is to change the position of the body every
15 minutes in order to reduce this pressure. Patients who cannot move
themselves therefore receive special care and are moved every 2 hours by other
people. The fact that these medical facts, only discovered in the last century,
are referred to in the Quran is yet another of its miracles.
CHEST CONTRACTION WITH INCREASING HEIGHT
سُوۡرَةُ
الاٴنعَام
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
فَمَن
يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ
أَن يَهۡدِيَهُ ۥ
يَشۡرَحۡ صَدۡرَهُ ۥ
لِلۡإِسۡلَـٰمِۖ
وَمَن يُرِدۡ
أَن
يُضِلَّهُ ۥ
يَجۡعَلۡ صَدۡرَهُ ۥ
ضَيِّقًا
حَرَجً۬ا ڪَأَنَّمَا
يَصَّعَّدُ
فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِۚ
ڪَذَٲلِكَ
يَجۡعَلُ ٱللَّهُ
ٱلرِّجۡسَ
عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ
لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ
(١٢٥)
When Allah desires to guide someone, He expands his breast to Islam. When He desires to misguide
someone, He makes his breast narrow and constricted as if he were climbing up into the sky. That is
how Allah defiles those who have no faith. (Qur'an,
6:125)
تو جس
شخص کو خدا
چاہتا ہے کہ
ہدایت بخشے اس
کا سینہ اسلام
کے لیے کھول دیتا
ہے اور جسے
چاہتا ہے کہ
گمراہ کرے اس
کا سینہ تنگ
اور گھٹا ہوا
کر دیتا ہے گویا
وہ آسمان پر
چڑھ رہا ہے اس
طرح خدا ان
لوگوں پر جو ایمان
نہیں لاتے
عذاب بھیجتا
ہے (۱۲۵)
Human beings need oxygen and air pressure in order to live. Breathing is made
possible by the oxygen in the atmosphere reaching the air sacs in our lungs. As
elevation rises, however, atmospheric pressure goes down as the atmosphere
becomes thinner. Therefore, the amount of oxygen entering the blood stream
declines and it becomes harder to breathe. As the air sacs grow narrow and
contract, we feel as if we cannot breathe.
If the amount of oxygen
in the blood is less than the body needs, several symptoms emerge: extreme fatigue, headaches, dizziness,
nausea, and loss of judgment. When a certain height is reached, it finally
becomes impossible for a human being to breathe at all. This is why we need
oxygen bottles and special clothing in order to survive at such elevations.
Someone at 5,000-7,500
meters
(16,500-24,500 feet) above sea-level may faint and go into a coma because of
breathing difficulties. That explains the presence of oxygen equipment in
airplanes. There are also special systems that regulate air pressure when
planes fly at 9,000-10,000 meters (29,500-33,000 feet) above sea-level.
Anoxia occurs when oxygen fails to reach
the tissues. This oxygen deficiency occurs at heights of 3,000-4,500 meters
(10,000-15,000 feet). Some people even lose consciousness at such elevations,
but can be saved by immediate oxygen treatment.
In the comparison made in the verse above,
this physical truth, the changes that take place in the chest with increasing
height, is indicated.
REDUCED
MOVEMENT AT NIGHT
سُوۡرَةُ
الاٴنعَام
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
فَالِقُ
ٱلۡإِصۡبَاحِ
وَجَعَلَ ٱلَّيۡلَ
سَكَنً۬ا وَٱلشَّمۡسَ
وَٱلۡقَمَرَ
حُسۡبَانً۬اۚ
ذَٲلِكَ تَقۡدِيرُ
ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡعَلِيمِ
(٩٦)
He splits the sky at dawn, and appoints the night as a time of stillness and the Sun and Moon as a means of reckoning. (Qur'an, 6:96)
وہی
(رات کے اندھیرے
سے) صبح کی
روشنی پھاڑ
نکالتا ہے اور
اسی نے رات کو
(موجب) آرام
(ٹھہرایا) اور
سورج اور چاند
کو (ذرائع)
شمار بنایا ہے۔
یہ خدا کے
(مقرر کئے
ہوئے) اندازے
ہیں جو غالب
(اور) علم والا
ہے (۹۶)
The Arabic word sakanan, which appears in the original of the above verse,
means "repose, rest, time to withdraw to rest, time for a break." As
indicated by Allah, night is the time when human beings rest.
سُوۡرَةُ
بنیٓ اسرآئیل
/ الإسرَاء
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
وَجَعَلۡنَا
ٱلَّيۡلَ وَٱلنَّہَارَ
ءَايَتَيۡنِۖ
فَمَحَوۡنَآ
ءَايَةَ ٱلَّيۡلِ
وَجَعَلۡنَآ
ءَايَةَ ٱلنَّہَارِ
مُبۡصِرَةً۬
لِّتَبۡتَغُواْ
فَضۡلاً۬
مِّن
رَّبِّكُمۡ
وَلِتَعۡلَمُواْ
عَدَدَ ٱلسِّنِينَ
وَٱلۡحِسَابَۚ
وَڪُلَّ شَىۡءٍ۬
فَصَّلۡنَـٰهُ
تَفۡصِيلاً۬ (١٢)
Al-Isra 17:12
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
And We appoint the
night and the day two portents. Then We effact the
portent of the night, and We make the portent of the day sight-giving, that ye
may seek bounty from your Lord, and that ye may know the computation of the
years, and the reckoning; and everything have We expounded with a clear
expounding. (12)
سورة بنیٓ
اسرآئیل / الإسرَاء
شروع الله کے
نام سے جو بڑا
مہربان نہایت
رحم والا ہے
اور ہم
نے دن اور رات
کو دو نشانیاں
بنایا ہے رات
کی نشانی کو
تاریک بنایا
اور دن کی
نشانی کو روشن۔
تاکہ تم اپنے
پروردگار کا
فضل (یعنی) روزی
تلاش کرو اور
برسوں کا شمار
اور حساب جانو۔
اور ہم نے ہر چیز
کو (بخوبی) تفصیل
کردی ہے (۱۲)
The hormone melatonin, secreted at night,
prepares the body for sleep by slowing down peoples' physical movements, making
them sleepy and tired, and functioning as a natural tranquillizer that eases
their minds.
During sleep, heartbeat and
respiration rhythms slow down and blood pressure falls. In the morning, the
production of the hormones stops and the body is stimulated to awaken. At the same time, sleep allows the
body's muscles and tissues to repair themselves and the body to replace old or
dead cells. Since energy expenditure is reduced during sleep, the body stores
energy throughout the night. Several chemicals vital for the immune system and
growth hormones are also secreted during sleep.
In the event that
people fail to get enough sleep, therefore, the immune system is immediately
affected and the body becomes more susceptible to sickness. If people are
unable to sleep for two nights, they will find it harder to concentrate and
their error levels will rise. If they are deprived of sleep for three nights,
they will begin to hallucinate and be unable to think logically.
We spend a third of
our lives sleeping?
Napoleon,
Why do we sleep?
This is a question that has baffled scientists for centuries and
the answer is, no one is really sure. Some believe that sleep gives the body a
chance to recuperate from the day's activities but in reality, the amount of
energy saved by sleeping for even eight hours is miniscule - about 50 K. Cal,
the same amount of energy in a piece of toast.
We have to sleep because it is essential to maintaining normal
levels of cognitive skills such as speech, memory, innovative and flexible
thinking. In other words, sleep plays a significant role in brain development.
What would happen if
we didn't sleep?
A good way to understand the role of sleep is to look at what
would happen if we didn't sleep. Lack of sleep has serious effects on our
brain's ability to function. If you've ever pulled an all-nighter, you'll be
familiar with the following after-effects: grumpiness, grogginess, irritability
and forgetfulness. After just one night without sleep, concentration becomes
more difficult and attention span shortens considerably.
With continued lack of
sufficient sleep, the part of the brain that controls
language, memory, planning and sense of time is severely affected, practically
shutting down. In fact, 17 hours of sustained wakefulness leads to a decrease in
performance equivalent to a blood alcohol level of 0.05% (two glasses of wine).
This is the legal drink driving limit in the
Sleep-deprived individuals often have difficulty in responding to rapidly
changing situations and making rational judgments. In real life situations,
the consequences are grave and lack of sleep is said to have been be a
contributory factor to a number of international disasters such as Exxon Valdez,
Sleep deprivation not only has a major
impact on cognitive functioning but also on emotional
and physical health. Disorders such as sleep apnoea which
result in excessive daytime sleepiness have been linked to stress and high blood pressure. Research has also
suggested that sleep loss may increase the risk of obesity because chemicals
and hormones that play a key role in controlling appetite and weight gain are
released during sleep.
What happens when we
sleep?
What happens every time we
get a bit of shut eye? Sleep occurs in a recurring cycle of 90 to 110 minutes and is divided into
two categories: non-REM (which is further split into four stages) and REM
sleep.
Stage one: Light
Sleep: Non-REM sleep
During the first stage of sleep, we're half awake and half asleep.
Our muscle activity slows down and slight twitching may occur. This is a period
of light sleep, meaning we can be awakened easily at this stage.
Stage two: True
Sleep
Within ten minutes of light sleep, we enter stage two, which lasts
around 20 minutes. The breathing pattern
and heart rate start to slow down. This period accounts for the largest
part of human sleep.
Stages three and
four: Deep Sleep
During stage three, the brain begins to produce delta waves, a type of wave that is
large (high amplitude) and slow (low frequency). Breathing and heart rate are
at their lowest levels.
Stage four is characterized by rhythmic breathing and limited muscle
activity. If we are awakened during deep sleep we do not adjust
immediately and often feel groggy and disoriented for several minutes after
waking up. Some children experience
bed-wetting, night terrors, or sleepwalking during this stage.
REM sleep
The first rapid eye
movement (REM) period usually begins about 70 to 90 minutes after we fall
asleep. We have around three to five REM episodes a night.
Although we are not conscious, the brain is very active - often
more so than when we are awake. This is the period when most dreams occur. Our
eyes dart around (hence the name), our breathing rate and blood pressure rise.
However, our bodies are effectively paralysed, said
to be nature's way of preventing us from acting out our dreams.
After REM sleep, the
whole cycle begins again.
Night is as much a
time for rest for other living things as it is for human beings. This situation,
referred to by Allah in the verse "the
night as a time of stillness," indicates a fact that
cannot be observed by the naked eye: Many activities that take place during the
day slow down and rest during the night. In
plants, for instance, perspiration in leaves and photosynthesis begin to rise when the sun rises. In the afternoon,
the situation is reversed. In other words, photosynthesis slows down and
respiration increases, because perspiration is accelerated as the temperature
rises. At night time, as the temperature falls, perspiration slows down and the
plant rests. Most plants would die if just one night failed to take place. From
that point of view, night means rest and reinvigoration for plants, just as it
does for human beings.
Movement at the
molecular level also declines at night. The radiation emitted by the Sun during
the day activates the atoms and molecules in Earth's atmosphere and causes them
to achieve higher energy levels. As darkness falls, the atoms and molecules
fall to lower energy levels and start to give off radiation.
These facts are, in
all probability, indicated
04 Al-Nisa 56
جن
لوگوں نے ہماری
آیتوں سے کفر
کیا ان کو ہم
عنقریب آگ میں
داخل کریں گے
جب ان کی کھالیں
گل (اور جل) جائیں
گی تو ہم اور
کھالیں بدل دیں
گے تاکہ (ہمیشہ)
عذاب (کا مزہ
چکھتے) رہیں
بےشک خدا غالب
حکمت والا ہے (۵۶)
33:4
سورة
الاٴحزَاب
شروع الله کے
نام سے جو بڑا
مہربان نہایت
رحم والا ہے
خدا
نے کسی آدمی
کے پہلو میں
دو دل نہیں
بنائے
90:8-9
سُوۡرَةُ
البَلَد
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
بھلا ہم
نےاس کو دو
آنکھیں نہیں دیں؟
(۸)
اور زبان اور
دو ہونٹ (نہیں
دیئے) (۹)
سُوۡرَةُ
یسٓ
بِسمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحمَـٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
سُبۡحَـٰنَ
ٱلَّذِى
خَلَقَ ٱلۡأَزۡوَٲجَ
ڪُلَّهَا
مِمَّا تُنۢبِتُ
ٱلۡأَرۡضُ
وَمِنۡ
أَنفُسِهِمۡ
وَمِمَّا لَا
يَعۡلَمُونَ (٣٦)
Ya-Seen 36:36
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
Glory be
to Him Who created all the sexual pairs, of that which the earth groweth, and of themselves, and of that which they know
not! (36)
سورة یسٓ
شروع الله کے
نام سے جو بڑا
مہربان نہایت
رحم والا ہے
وہ خدا پاک
ہے جس نے زمین
کی نباتات کے
اور خود ان کے
اور جن چیزوں
کی ان کو خبر
نہیں سب کے
جوڑے بنائے (۳۶)