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History |
Early rulers |
History of Lahore
| Sikh Rule | British Rule
| The Independence Movement |
Economy | Culture |
Parks and
Gardens | Health |
Education |
Arts and
Media
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Emblem
Area Total 1,772 km2 (684 sq mi)
Elevation 217 m (712 ft)
Population (2009) - Total 10,000,000
Combined population of Lahore City and Lahore Cantonment
Telephone code 042
Website www.lahore.gov.pk |
Location of Lahore (in red) in Punjab,
Coordinates: 31°32′59″N 74°20′37″E / 31.54972°N 74.34361°E /
31.54972; 74.34361
|
 Lahore (Punjabi: لہور ; Urdu: لاہور, pronounced [laːˈhoːr] is the capital of
the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in Pakistan
after Karachi. Historically the main city of the undivided Punjab, it is
often called the Garden of Mughals because of its rich Mughal heritage. It
successively served as the capital of the empires of the Shahi kingdoms in
the 11th century, the Ghaznavids in the 12th century, the Ghurid State in
the 12th and 13th century, the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the Sikh
Empire in the early 19th century, and it was the capital of the Punjab
region under the British Raj in the mid 19th and early 20th century. Mughal
structures such as the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, Shalimar Gardens,
and the mausolea of Jehangir and Nur Jehan are popular tourist attractions
for the city. Lahore is also home to many British colonial structures built
in the Mughal-Gothic style, such as the Lahore High Court, the General Post
Office (GPO), the Lahore Museum, and many older universities including the
University of the Punjab. Lahore is often referred to as the cultural heart
of Pakistan, as it is the center of Pakistani arts, films and
intelligentsia.
Punjabi is the native language of the province and is the most widely-spoken
language in Lahore. Urdu has started to become more prominent in many areas
due to its official status as the national language and due to increasing
migration from other parts of the country, despite this Punjabi remains the
primary means of communication in both the city and adjoining rural areas.
English has also become increasingly more popular with educated and younger
people due to its official status in government and preferred language
status for business. Many Punjabi speakers in Lahore are known as Lahori
Punjabi due to their use of a mixture of Punjabi and colloquial Urdu.
According to the 1998 census, Lahore's population was nearly 7 million.
Mid-2006 government estimates now put the population at approximately 10
million. This makes Lahore the fifth largest city in South Asia and the 26th
largest city in the world. In 2008, Lahore was ranked as a city with High
Sufficiency to become a Gamma world city. It has been ranked by The Guardian
as the 2nd Best Tourist Destination in Pakistan.
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Places of Interest
| Hotels |
Eating & Dining
| Parks & Gardens |
Educational Institutes |
Hospitals |
Sport- Centers |
Banks |
ATM |
Fuel Stations |
CNG Stations |
Police Stations |
Shopping /Trade
History
A legend based on oral traditions holds that Lahore, known in ancient times
as Lavapuri (देवनागरी :लवपुरी) (City of Lava in Sanskrit), was founded by
Prince Lava, the son of Rama, while Kasur was founded by his twin brother
Prince Kusha. To this day, Lahore Fort has a vacant temple dedicated to Lava
(also pronounced Loh, hence Loh-awar or "The Fort of Loh").
Ptolemy, the celebrated 2nd-century Egyptian astronomer and geographer,
mentions in his Geographia a city called Labokla situated on the route
between the Indus River and Palibothra, or Pataliputra (Patna) mostly, in a
tract of country called Kasperia (Kashmir). It was described as extending
along the rivers Bidastes or Vitasta (Jhelum), Sandabal or Chandra Bhaga (Chenab),
and Adris or Iravati (Ravi). This city may have been ancient Lahore.
The oldest authentic document about Lahore was written anonymously in 982.
It is called Hudud-i-Alam (The Regions of the World). In 1927 it was
translated into English by Vladimir Fedorovich Minorsky and published in
Lahore. In this document, Lahore is referred to as a small shehr (city) with
"impressive temples, large markets and huge orchards." It refers to "two
major markets around which dwellings exist," and it also mentions "the mud
walls that enclose these two dwellings to make it one." The original
document is currently held in the British Museum. Lahore was called by
different names throughout history. To date there is no conclusive evidence
as to when it was founded. Some historians trace the history of the city as
far back as 4000 years ago.
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Early Rulers
 11th Century House in Walled CityFew references to Lahore exist for times
before its capture by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni in the eleventh century. In
1021, Mahmud appointed Malik Ayaz to the throne and made Lahore the capital
of the Ghaznavid Empire. The sultan took Lahore after a long siege and
battle in which the city was torched and depopulated. As the first Muslim
ruler of Lahore, Ayaz rebuilt and repopulated the city. He added many
important features, such as city gates and a masonry fort, built in
1037–1040 on the ruins of the previous one, which had been demolished in the
fighting (as recorded by Munshi Sujan Rae Bhandari, author of the Khulasatut
Tawarikh in 1695–96). The present Lahore Fort stands on the same location.
Under his rule, the city became a cultural and academic center, renowned for
poetry.The tomb of Malik Ayaz can still be seen in the Rang Mahal commercial
area of town.
After the fall of the Ghaznavid Empire, Lahore was ruled by various Muslim
dynasties known as the Delhi Sultanate, including the Khiljis, Tughlaqs,
Sayyid, Lodhis and Suris. When Sultan Qutb-ud-din Aybak was crowned here in
1206, he became the first Muslim sultan of the South Asia.It was not until
1524 that Lahore became part of the Mughal Empire.
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History of Lahore
The origins of Lahore are shrouded in the mists of antiquity but Lahore is
undoubtedly ancient. Legend has it that it was founded about 4,000 years ago
by Loh, son of Rama, the hero of the Hindu epic, the Ramayana. Historically,
it has been proved that Lahore is at least 2,000 years old. Hieun-tasng, the
famous Chinese pilgrim has given a vivid description of Lahore which he
visited in the early parts of the 7th century AD. Lying on the main trade
and invasion routes to South Asia, Lahore has been ruled and plundered by a
number of dynasties and hordes. Muslim rule began here when Qutub-ud-din
Aibak was crowned in Lahore in 1206 and thus became the first Muslim Sultan
of the South Asia. It waxed and waned in importance during the Sultanate.
However, it touched the zenith of its glory during the Mughal rule from 1524
to 1752. The Mughals, who were famous as builders, gave Lahore some of its
finest architectural monuments, many of which are extinct today
 From 1524 to 1752, Lahore was part of the Mughal Empire, and from 1584 to
1598, under the emperors Akbar and Jahangir, the city served as its capital.
Lahore reached a peak of architectural glory during the rule of the Mughals,
many of whose buildings and gardens have survived the ravages of time.
Lahore's reputation for beauty fascinated the English poet John Milton, who
wrote "Agra and Lahore, the Seat of the Great Mughal" in 1670.During this
time, the massive Lahore Fort was built. A few buildings within the fort
were added by Akbar's son, Mughal emperor Jahangir, who is buried in the
city. Jahangir's
 son, Shahjahan Burki, was born in Lahore. He, like his
father, extended the Lahore Fort and built many other structures in the
city, including the Shalimar Gardens. The last of the great Mughals,
Aurangzeb, who ruled from 1658 to 1707, built the city's most famous
monuments, the Badshahi Masjid and the Alamgiri Gate next to the Lahore
Fort.
During the 18th century, as Mughal power dwindled, Lahore was often invaded,
and government authority was lacking. The great Punjabi poet Baba Waris Shah
said of the situation, "khada peeta wahy da, baqi Ahmad Shahy da" — "we have
nothing with us except what we eat and wear, all other things are for Ahmad
Shah". Ahmad Shah Durrani captured remnants of the Mughal Empire and had
consolidated control over the Punjab and Kashmir regions by 1761.
The 1740s were years of chaos, and the city had nine different governors
between 1745 and 1756. Invasions and chaos in local government allowed bands
of warring Sikhs to gain control in some areas. In 1801, the 12 Sikh Misls
joined into one to form a sovereign Sikh state ruled by Maharaja Ranjit
Singh.
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Sikh Rule
During the 1740s, frequent invasions by Afghans led by Ahmad Shah Abdali and
chaos in local government had made life very uncomfortable for the citizens
of Lahore. Bhangi Misl was the fist Sikh band to plunder the Mughal Lahore.
Later Ranjit Singh was able to make gains in this chaos. He defeated the son
of Abdali, Zaman Shah in a battle between Lahore and Amritsar. Out of the
chaos of Afghani and Sikh conflicts emerged a victorious Sikh by the name of
Ranjit Singh who was able to unify the Sikh factions and capture Lahore
where he was crowned Emperor
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British Rule
 Ranjit Singh made Lahore his capital and was able to expand the kingdom to
the Khyber Pass and also included Jammu and Kashmir, while keeping the
British from expanding across the River Sutlej for more than 40 years. After
his death in 1839 the internecine fighting between the Sikhs and several
rapid forfeitures of territory by his sons, along with the intrigues of the
Dogras and two Anglo-Sikh wars, eventually led to British control of the
Lahore Darbar ten years later. For the British, Punjab was a frontier
province, because Lahore had boundaries with Afghanistan and Persia.
Therefore, the Punjabis, unlike the Bengalis and the Sindhis, were not
allowed to use their mother tongue as an official language. The British
first introduced Urdu as an official language in Punjab,[24][25] including
Lahore, allegedly due to a fear of Punjabi nationalism. Under British rule
(1849–1947), colonial architecture in Lahore combined Mughal, Gothic and
Victorian styles. Under Bristish rule, Sir Ganga Ram (Father of Modern
Lahore), designed and built General Post Office, Lahore Museum, Aitchison
College, Mayo School of Arts (now the NCA), Ganga Ram Hospital, Lady Mclagan
Girls High School, the chemistry department of the Government College
University, the Albert Victor wing of Mayo Hospital, Sir Ganga Ram High
School (now Lahore College for Women) the Hailey College of Commerce, Ravi
Road House for the Disabled, the Ganga Ram Trust Building on The Mall, and
Lady Maynard Industrial School.[26] He also constructed Lahore Model Town, a
suburb that has recently developed into a cultural center for Lahore's
growing socioeconomic elite.
 The GPO and YMCA buildings in Lahore commemorated the golden jubilee of
Queen Victoria, an event marked by the construction of clock towers and
monuments all over British India. Other important British buildings included
the High Court, the Government College University, the museums, the National
College of Arts, Montgomery Hall, Tollinton Market, the University of the
Punjab (Old Campus) and the Provincial Assembly. Even today, Mall Road
retains a variety of Gothic and Victorian style buildings built during the
British Raj. At one end of The Mall stands the university, one of the most
prestigious universities of Pakistan. The British also launched the city's
first horse-racing club in 1924, starting a tradition that continues today
at the Lahore Race Club.
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The
Independence Movement
Lahore played a special role in the independence movements of both India and
Pakistan. The 1929 Indian National Congress session was held at Lahore. In
this Congress, the Declaration of the Independence of India was moved by Pandit Nehru and passed unanimously at midnight on 31 December 1929.On this
occasion, the contemporary tricolour of India (with a chakra at its centre)
was hoisted for the first time as a national flag, and thousands of people
saluted it.
Lahore's prison was used by the British to detain revolutionary freedom
fighters. Noted freedom fighter Jatin Das died in Lahore's prison after
fasting for 63 days in protest of British treatment of political prisoners.
One of the greatest martyrs in the history of Indian independence, Shaheed
Sardar Bhagat Singh, was hanged here.
The most important session of the All India Muslim League (later the
Pakistan Muslim League), demanding the creation of Pakistan, was held in
Lahore in 1940. Muslims under the leadership of Quaid-e-Azam (Muhammad Ali
Jinnah) demanded a separate homeland for Muslims of India in a document
known as the Pakistan Resolution or the Lahore Resolution. It was during
this session that Jinnah, the leader of the league, publicly proposed the
Two-Nation Theory for the first time.
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Economy
As of 2008, the city's gross domestic product (GDP) by purchasing power
parity (PPP) was estimated at $40 billion with a projected average growth
rate of 5.6 percent.This is at par with Pakistan's other economic hub,
Karachi, with Lahore (having half the population) fostering an economy that
is 51% of the size of Karachi's ($78 billion in 2008).The contribution of
Lahore to the national economy is supposed to be around 13.2%.Lahore's GDP
is projected to be $102 billion by the year 2025, with a slightly higher
growth rate of 5.6% per annum, as compared to Karachi's 5.5%.Central to
Lahore's economy is the Lahore Stock Exchange (LSE), Pakistan's second
largest stock exchange. Lahore has offices of several Pakistani government
corporations including the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and
Water and Sewage Authority (WASA). Food and restaurant businesses remain
open all night. Lahore is the second largest financial hub of Pakistan and
has industrial areas including Kot Lakhpat and the new Sundar Industrial
Estate (near Raiwand). Lahore’s economic base is broad and varied. Major
industries include the manufacture of automobiles and motorcycles, home
appliances, steel, telecommunications, information technology, chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, engineering, and construction material.[citation needed] A
major industrial agglomeration with about 9,000 industrial units, Lahore has
shifted in recent decades from manufacturing to service industries.Some 42%
of its work force is employed in finance, banking, real estate, community,
cultural, and social services. The city is the country’s largest software
producing center,[45] and hosts a growing computer-assembly industry.
 Lahore's economic strength relies on the fact that it is the biggest city of
Pakistan's most populous province. It is also the most advanced in terms of
infrastructure, having extensive and relatively well developed road links to
all major cities in Punjab and North-West Frontier Province, a rail link
with India and the province's biggest International airport. It also has the
most developed communications infrastructure in the province, which includes
a wide network of fiber optic telephone and cable lines, GSM mobile network,
IPP and WiMax. It has the most developed education and health sectors as
well, making it the economic, political and educational hub of the province.
As Lahore expands, former residential areas are being turned into
commercial centres, and the suburban population is constantly moving
outwards. This has resulted in the development of the Liberty Market, MM
Alam Road, the new Jail Road (which has some of the largest office buildings
in Lahore), and the Main Boulevard.
Lahore is famous as the hub of handmade carpet manufacturing in Pakistan.At
present, hand-knitted carpets produced in and around Lahore are among
Pakistan's leading export products, and their manufacturing is the
second-largest cottage and small industry.
Craftsmen in Lahore produce almost every type of handmade carpet using
popular motifs such as medallions, paisleys, traceries, and geometric
designs. The Lahore Design Centre at the Punjab Small Industries Corporation
maintains a separate section of carpet designing to experiment with new
designs. Lahore is famous for single-wefted designs in Turkoman and
Caucasian style and double-wefted Mughal types.
Metro, Makro and Hyperstar (Carrefour) have situated their headquarters in
Lahore.
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Culture
 Lahore's culture is unique. Known as the cultural capital or Heart of
Pakistan, the city has been the seat of the Mughal Empire and the Sikh
Empire as well as the capital of Punjab in Mahmud Ghaznavi's 11th century
empire and in the British Empire.
Lahore has played an important role in Pakistani history. It was in this
city that Pakistan's independence declaration was made. It was the largest
city in the newly formed Pakistan at the time of independence and provided
the easiest access to India, with its porous border near the Indian city of
Amritsar only 30 miles (48 km) to the east. Large numbers of Hindus, Sikhs,
and Muslims lived closely in Lahore before the independence of Pakistan. The
city suffered many revolts, demonstrations and bloodshed at the time of
independence due to the enmity between Muslims and Hindus at the time and
the uncertainty which loomed over the fate of Lahore even after India and
Pakistan became independent. Lahore's culture, its history, institutions,
food, clothing, films, music, fashion, and liberal community lifestyle
attract people from all over the country
The people of Lahore celebrate many festivals and events throughout the
year, blending Mughal, Western, and other traditions. Eid ul-Fitr and Eid
ul-Adha are celebrated. Many people decorate their houses and light candles
to illuminate the streets and houses during public holidays; roads and
businesses may be lit for days. The mausoleum of Ali Hujwiri, also known as
Data Ganj Bakhsh (Persian/Urdu: داتا گنج بخش) or Data Sahib, is located in
Lahore, and an annual urs is held every year as a big festival.
Basant is a Punjabi festival marking the coming of spring. Basant
celebrations in Pakistan are centered in Lahore, and people from all over
the country and from abroad come to the city for the annual festivities.
Kite-flying competitions traditionally take place on city rooftops during
Basant. Courts have banned the kite-flying because of casualties and power
installation losses. The ban was lifted for two days in 2007, then
immediately reimposed when 11 people were killed by celebratory gunfire,
sharp kite-strings, electrocution, and falls related to the competition.
The Festival of Lamps, or Mela Chiraghan, is an important and popular event
in Lahore. This is celebrated at the same time as Basant, every spring on
the last Friday of March, outside the Shalimar Gardens
 The National Horse and Cattle Show is one of the most famous annual
festivals, held in spring in the Fortress Stadium. The week-long activities
include a livestock display, horse and camel dances, tent pegging, colourful
folk dances from all regions of Pakistan, mass-band displays, and tattoo
shows in the evenings. On August 14, the people of Pakistan celebrate the
day Pakistan gained its independence from the British Raj. There are lots of
celebrations in Lahore; the streets are full of people singing and dancing.
Parades of the Pakistan Army and Pakistan Air Force are held early in the
morning. Concerts are held with many pop and classical singers.
Lahoris are known for their love of food and eating. While Lahore has a
great many traditional and modern restaurants, in recent years Western fast
food chains, such as McDonald's, Pizza Hut, Domino's Pizza, Subway
Sandwiches, Dunkin Donuts, Nando's and Kentucky Fried Chicken have appeared
all over the city. Recently the food streets in the historic locales of
Lahore (Gawalmandi, Anarkali, and Badshahi) have attracted tourists. Food
streets have undergone restorations and are cordoned off in the evenings for
pedestrian traffic only; numerous cafés serve local delicacies under the
lights and balconies of restored havelis (traditional residential
dwellings). Some of the trendiest restaurants in Lahore are concentrated on
the M M Alam Road in Gulberg. Here, dozens of high-class culinary outlets,
ranging from Western franchises to traditional, ethnic, or theme
restaurants, attract all classes of Lahore's citizens. New restaurants are
constantly opening, and the business is extremely competitive. Many
boisterous restaurants of Lahore are open late into the night. The
restaurant is housed in a 300-year-old Kothi-style dwelling of a famous
artist and was once a brothel. At different times in the life of this
property, Hindu, Buddhist, Christian, and Muslim families have owned it.
Another famous Lahore landmark is the Pak Tea House in Anarkali, long a
favoured haunt of intellectuals and artists
 The alleys and lanes of these bazaars are full of traditional wares like
leather articles, embroidered garments, glass bangles, beaten gold and
silver jewelry, and creations in silk. Anarkali is named after the famous
courtesan of Akbar’s time, Anarkali (Pomegranate Blossom). The grave of
Sultan Qutbuddin Aibak, who died falling off his horse while playing polo,
is located in Anarkali on Aibak Road. Rang Mahal is part of old Lahore and
today's houses a largest wholesale and retail cloth markets in Punjab.
Lahore's technology markets include the Hall Road, Pakistan's largest
electronics market adjacent to the Mall Road, and the Hafeez Centre, Asia's
largest computer market, located on the Gulberg Main Boulevard. Pace, a
shopping centre, is also located on the Main Boulevard beside the Hafeez
Centre. Other well-known and popular shopping areas are the Liberty Market
in Gulberg and at the Fortress Stadium, as well as malls in Gulberg, Model
Town, MM Alam Road, and Cantonment. Apart from these, shopping areas are
being developed in many of Lahore's new suburbs such as Bahria, Lake City,
and Cantonment.
Lahore offers a variety of nighttime activities. There are popular shisha
bars (offering the flavoured tobacco pipes commonly found in Middle Eastern
nations), attractive food outlets, and musical concerts and shows. Alcohol
is available to foreigners who request it at certain hotels, but is
generally not sold in public. Lahoris are known for their exquisite taste in
food, so the market has produced some of the most versatile, classy and
inviting restaurants in the world. The blend of food and music at some
uniquely expressive locales is exceptional. There are many shopping areas
which remain open late into the night, offering an atmosphere of lively
hustle and bustle (not to mention numerous bargains). There are scenic parks
that are frequented by joggers, couples, children, students and seniors.
Bagh-e-Jinnah (formerly known as Lawrence Gardens) is one such place; it has
a large variety of gorgeous plants, trees, long and varied pathways and
creative light effects. The younger crowd is generally more attracted to
shops and restaurants near Gaddafi Stadium, Fortress Stadium and Gulberg.
Most of the food chains are also here
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Parks and
Gardens
Satellite
View of Park and Gardens
 Lahore is known as the City of Gardens. Many gardens were built in Lahore
during the Mughal era, some of which still survive. The Shalimar Gardens
were laid out during the reign of Shah Jahan and were designed to mimic the
Islamic paradise of the afterlife described in the Qur'an. The gardens
follow the familiar charbagh layout of four squares, with three descending
terraces. The Lawrence Gardens were established in 1862 and were originally
named after Sir John Lawrence, late 19th century British Viceroy to India.
The many other gardens and parks in the city include Hazuri Bagh, Iqbal
Park, Mochi Bagh, Gulshan Iqbal Park, Model Town Park, Race Course Park,
Nasir Bagh Lahore, Jallo Park, Wild Life Park, and Changa Manga, an
artificial forest near Lahore in the Kasur district. Another example is the
Bagh-e-Jinnah, a 141-acre (57 ha) botanical garden that houses entertainment
and sports facilities as well as a library.
The Lahore Zoo is the second oldest zoo in the South Asia after Calcutta and
has been a source of amusement and recreation for families for more than a
100 years. In December 2004, Pakistan and China signed a $110 million
contract for the construction of a housing project on Multan Road in
Lahore.The result was Sukh Chayn Gardens, a beautiful housing society full
of lush green parks and gardens.
 Lahore also has a safari park covering more than 200 acres (81 ha). The park
has safaris for different animals. The safaris with tigers, lions, rhinos,
elephants, bear, apes, African and Indus plane animals cover an area of 80
acres (32 ha). Pakistan’s largest walkthrough aviary is also located here,
with all kinds of birds, including pheasants, waterfowls and peacocks. Birds
are kept in their natural habitat instead of being caged; a net fence at the
perimeter keeps birds in the aviary. There are more than a thousand species
of animals in the park. Lahore's biggest lake is also situated here for
boating and fishing.
Jilani Park (formerly Race Course Park) is famous for its floral exhibitions
and artificial waterfall. Annual horse racing competitions are held in this
park.
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Satellite
View of Hospitals
Lahore has a number of hospitals, including Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer
Hospital, Mayo Hospital, Nawaz Sharif Social Security Hospital, Lahore
General Hospital, Jinnah Hospital, Gulab Devi Hospital, Sir Ganga Ram
Hospital, Sheikh Zaid Hospital, Ittefaq Hospital, Punjab Institute of
Cardiology and Sharif Medical Complex. The current government of Punjab has
a comprehensive plan to establish new hospitals and medical colleges in the
city
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Education
Satellite View of Educational Institutes
Lahore is known as Pakistan's
education capital, with more colleges and universities than any other city
in the country. Lahore is Pakistan’s largest producer of professionals in
the fields of science, technology, IT, engineering, medicine, nuclear
sciences, pharmacology, telecommunication, biotechnology and microelectronics. Most of the reputable universities are public, but in
recent years there has also been an upsurge in the number of private
universities. The current literacy rate of Lahore is 64%.
Lahore hosts some of Pakistan's oldest educational institutes: Government
College Lahore (now Government College University), established in 1864;
Forman Christian College, a chartered university established in 1864;
University of the Punjab, established in 1882;Kinnaird College, established
in 1913; and University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore (UET Lahore),
established in 1921.
The University of Lahore is a new private sector university in Lahore. It is
emerging as a university with strength in the areas of engineering sciences
and technology, business & administrative sciences, and biotechnology.
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore (UET Lahore) is Pakistan's
oldest technical degree-awarding institute and its first university in the
field of engineering and technology. Established as Mughalpura Technical
College in 1921, it was upgraded to a university in 1961. UET Lahore is
Pakistan's largest public-sector engineering university, offering bachelor's
degrees in 29 specialties and Master of Science degrees in 55 specialties.
Lahore's institutes in the fields of computer science, IT, and engineering
include the National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (FAST-NU)
and Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT).
Lahore's notable business schools include the University of Management and
Technology (UMT), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), and
Lahore School of Economics.
 Lahore boasts some of the finest high schools in Asia: Aitchison College,
St. Anthony's High School, SICAS and Lahore Grammar School, which feed
students to leading universities across the globe. Aitchison College and St.
Anthony's High School have also been responsible for producing renowned
political leaders and sportsmen for Pakistan.
Other notable educational institutes situated in Lahore include the National
College of Arts; a regional campus of the National University of Modern
Languages (NUML); Hajvery University (HU); and the University of Education (UE),
established in 2002 as Pakistan's first specialized university in the field
of education.
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Media
Lahore is the core of Pakistan's media and arts scene. Pakistan's most
prestigious art college, National College of Arts, is located here. Every
year, it hosts the World Performing Arts Festival, in which artists from
dozens of countries show off their talents. This festival is managed by the
Peerzada group, which is also the largest puppetry theater company in
Pakistan. Lahore is also home to the country's developing fashion industry,
supported by numerous designer outlets and the country's most prestigious
fashion school, the Pakistan School of Fashion Design, which has some of the
best photo studios and photographers in the country.
Lahore has also been home to Pakistan's old classical music, ghazals and
Qawwalis, with big names such as Noor Jehan, Arif Lohar, Nusrat Fateh Ali
Khan, Mehdi Hassan and Ghulam Ali residing in the city. In recent years
Lahore has produced some of Pakistan's greatest pop singers, such as Atif
Aslam and Ali Zafar. The city is recognized as the birthplace of South
Asia's modern rock scene thanks to popular bands like Jal, Call, Roxen,
Noori and Entity Paradigm, some of whose songs have been featured in
Bollywood films.
Pakistan's film industry is based in the city and is called Lollywood. Many
films are filmed in Lahore and the city has some of the oldest film studios
in the country. Many actors and directors are based in Lahore, which brings
many artists together to launch films. Cinema's popularity is on the upswing
again in recent years and IMAX is building outlets in the city. Several FM
radio stations and television stations have set up their operations here.
Lahore is home to Geo TV's Infotainment Division and Pakistan's first
children's television channel, Wikid, as well as Pakistan's first community
channel, Asset Plus (available only in DHA Lahore) and lifestyle channel,
Value TV.
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