Nuclear & Particle Physics in Quran By Zahid Ikram

Science in Quran : Nuclear & Particle Physics in Quran

TELEPORTATION TECHNOLOGY

Teleportation is the movement of objects from one place to another, more or less instantaneously, either by paranormal means or through technological artifice. The concept has been widely used in science fiction and yet to invent but it is described in Quran.

سُوۡرَةُ النَّمل
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قَالَ ٱلَّذِى عِندَهُ ۥ عِلۡمٌ۬ مِّنَ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ أَنَا۟ ءَاتِيكَ بِهِۦ قَبۡلَ أَن يَرۡتَدَّ إِلَيۡكَ طَرۡفُكَ‌ۚ فَلَمَّا رَءَاهُ مُسۡتَقِرًّا عِندَهُ ۥ قَالَ هَـٰذَا مِن فَضۡلِ رَبِّى لِيَبۡلُوَنِىٓ ءَأَشۡكُرُ أَمۡ أَكۡفُرُ‌ۖ وَمَن شَكَرَ فَإِنَّمَا يَشۡكُرُ لِنَفۡسِهِۦ‌ۖ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّى غَنِىٌّ۬ كَرِيمٌ۬ (٤٠)

Al-Naml 27:40
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

He who possessed knowledge of the Book said: "I will bring it [the Queen of Saba's throne] to you before your glance returns to you." And when he [Sulayman] saw it standing firmly in his presence, he said: "This is part of my Lord's favor, to test me to see if I will give thanks or show ingratitude." and whosoever is ungrateful (is ungrateful only to his own soul's hurt). For lo! my Lord is Absolute in independence, Bountiful. (40)

سورة النَّمل
شروع الله کے نام سے جو بڑا مہربان نہایت رحم والا ہے

ایک شخص جس کو کتاب الہیٰ کا علم تھا کہنے لگا کہ میں آپ کی آنکھ کے جھپکنے سے پہلے پہلے اسے آپ کے پاس حاضر کئے دیتا ہوں۔ جب سلیمان نے تخت کو اپنے پاس رکھا ہوا دیکھا تو کہا کہ یہ میرے پروردگار کا فضل ہے تاکہ مجھے آزمائے کہ میں شکر کرتا ہوں یا کفران نعمت کرتا ہوں اور جو شکر کرتا ہے تو اپنے ہی فائدے کے لئے شکر کرتا ہے اور جو ناشکری کرتا ہے تو میرا پروردگار بےپروا (اور) کرم کرنے والا ہے(۴۰)

"He who possessed knowledge of the Book" told Prophet Sulayman (as) that he could bring the Queen of Saba's throne to him very quickly. This is a possible reference to the transmission of images with present-day advanced technology or as Teleportation (A Futuristic Technology). Another verse on the subject reads:

سُوۡرَةُ النَّمل
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قَالَ عِفۡرِيتٌ۬ مِّنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ أَنَا۟ ءَاتِيكَ بِهِۦ قَبۡلَ أَن تَقُومَ مِن مَّقَامِكَ‌ۖ وَإِنِّى عَلَيۡهِ لَقَوِىٌّ أَمِينٌ۬ (٣٩)

Al-Naml 27:39
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

A demon of the jinn said: "I will bring it to you before you get up from your seat. I am strong and trustworthy enough to do it."

سورة النَّمل
شروع الله کے نام سے جو بڑا مہربان نہایت رحم والا ہے

جنات میں سے ایک قوی ہیکل جن نے کہا کہ قبل اس کے کہ آپ اپنی جگہ سے اٹھیں میں اس کو آپ کے پاس لاحاضر کرتا ہوں اور میں اس (کے اٹھانے کی) طاقت رکھتا ہوں (اور) امانت دار ہوں (۳۹)

In our day, text, pictures, and films can be sent anywhere in the world in a matter of seconds, thanks to the Internet and advances in computer technology. In our day, a 3d hologram image can also be produce. For instance, carrying the Queen's throne to Prophet Sulayman's (as) court very quickly may well refer to the fact that it will be possible to send a three-dimensional picture or image in the blink of an eye over the Internet.

According to scientists, the teleportation of atoms and molecules, as well as larger bodies, may become possible in the near future. By this method, the item's material characteristics are removed from one location and transferred in every detail and atomic sequence to another location, where they are reconstructed. If this technology becomes operational one day, time and space will no longer represent an obstacle to travel and objects will be able to be transported anywhere in a single moment without traversing any physical distance.

In 1998, physicists at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) working with two European groups transported a photon. The scientists formed a copy of the photon by reading its atomic structure and then transmitted that information a distance of 1 meter. In another recent teleportation experiment, Ping Koy Lam of the Australian National University (ANU) and other researchers transmitted a laser ray a short distance.

Indeed, according to a CNN report on 17 July 2002, a group of physicists from the National Australian University in Canberra split a laser ray and "transmitted" it several meters. Ping Koy Lam, the team's head, stated that they had not yet succeeded in transmitting matter in its atomic state, but that such a thing was not impossible and may become a reality in the future.

According to a study published in the science journal Nature, Eugene Polzik of Denmark's University of Aarhus, and his colleagues performed successful experiments on a large number of atoms, using laser rays and quantum physics. In his analyses of teleportation's potential, published in the journal Scientific American, Australian physicist Anton Zeilinger states that far more complex systems could be teleported without violating the laws of physics.

As the Quran reveals in "We will show them Our Signs on the horizon and within themselves until it is clear to them that it is the truth" (Quran, 41:53), these scientific advances may represent a part of the technologies indicated in the Quran, all of which reveal its miraculous aspects.

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Sub-Atomic Particles

Following the development of the atomic theory of the Greek philosopher Democritus, people used to believe that matter consisted of minute, indivisible and indestructible particles known as atoms. However, advances in the study of atoms have refuted this notion. At the present time, modern science has revealed that the atom, previously regarded as the smallest particle, can actually be split. This fact only emerged in the last century, but was revealed in the Quran 1,400 years ago:

سُوۡرَةُ سَبَإ
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَا تَأۡتِينَا ٱلسَّاعَةُۖ قُلۡ بَلَىٰ وَرَبِّى لَتَأۡتِيَنَّڪُمۡ عَـٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِۖ لَا يَعۡزُبُ عَنۡهُ مِثۡقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ۬ فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَلَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَآ أَصۡغَرُ مِن ذَٲلِكَ وَلَآ أَڪۡبَرُ إِلَّا فِى ڪِتَـٰبٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ۬ (٣)

Those who disbelieve say: The Hour will never come unto us. Say: Nay, by my Lord, but it is coming unto you surely. He is the Knower of the Unseen, Whom not an atom's weight eludes, either in the heavens or in the earth; nor is there anything smaller or larger than that which is not in a Clear Book. (Quran, 34:3)

سورة سَبَإ
شروع الله کے نام سے جو بڑا مہربان نہایت رحم والا ہے

اور کافر کہتے ہیں کہ (قیامت کی) گھڑی ہم پر نہیں آئے گی۔ کہہ دو کیوں نہیں (آئے گی) میرے پروردگار کی قسم وہ تم پر ضرور آکر رہے گی (وہ پروردگار) غیب کا جاننے والا (ہے) ذرہ بھر چیز بھی اس سے پوشیدہ نہیں (نہ) آسمانوں میں اور نہ زمین میں اور کوئی چیز ذرے سے چھوٹی یا بڑی ایسی نہیں مگر کتاب روشن میں (لکھی ہوئی) ہے (۳)

سُوۡرَةُ یُونس
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَمَا تَكُونُ فِى شَأۡنٍ۬ وَمَا تَتۡلُواْ مِنۡهُ مِن قُرۡءَانٍ۬ وَلَا تَعۡمَلُونَ مِنۡ عَمَلٍ إِلَّا ڪُنَّا عَلَيۡكُمۡ شُہُودًا إِذۡ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ‌ۚ وَمَا يَعۡزُبُ عَن رَّبِّكَ مِن مِّثۡقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ۬ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَا فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَآ أَصۡغَرَ مِن ذَٲلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡبَرَ إِلَّا فِى كِتَـٰبٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ (٦١)

Yunus 10:61
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

And thou (Muhammad) art not occupied with any business and thou recitest not a Lecture from this (Scripture), and ye (mankind) perform no act, but We are Witness of you when ye are engaged therein. Not even an atom's weight eludes your Lord, either on earth or in heaven. Nor is there anything smaller than that, or larger, which is not in a Clear Book. (Quran, 10:61)

سورة یُونس
شروع الله کے نام سے جو بڑا مہربان نہایت رحم والا ہے

اور تم جس حال میں ہوتے ہو یا قرآن میں کچھ پڑھتے ہو یا تم لوگ کوئی (اور) کام کرتے ہو جب اس میں مصروف ہوتے ہو ہم تمہارے سامنے ہوتے ہیں اور تمہارے پروردگار سے ذرہ برابر بھی کوئی چیز پوشیدہ نہیں ہے نہ زمین میں نہ آسمان میں اور نہ کوئی چیز اس سے چھوٹی ہے یا بڑی مگر کتاب روشن میں (لکھی ہوئی) ہے (۶۱)

This verse refers to "atom" and smaller particles still.

Ordinary matter consists of atoms bound together by electromagnetic force to form molecules. These molecules come together to form solids, liquids and gasses.

Atoms consist of a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons. Electromagnetic force holds the nucleus and electrons together.

The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons held together by a powerful nuclear force.

Protons and neutrons consist of three quarks each and are held together by powerful nuclear force.

Up until 20 years ago, it was believed that the smallest particles were the protons and neutrons which comprise the atom. Very recently, however, even smaller particles of which these themselves consist were discovered. A specialized branch of physics, called "particle physics," emerged to study these "sub-particles" and their particular behavior. Particle physics research has revealed that the protons and neutrons which comprise the atoms actually consist of sub-particles known as quarks. The size of these quarks, the basic components of protons, whose small size is beyond human conception, is astonishing: 10^-18 (0.000000000000000001 of a meter).

Another point worthy of note is that these verses draw particular attention to the weight of the atom. The word "mithqal," in the expression "mithqali tharratin" (an atom's weight) in the above verses, means weight. In fact, it has been discovered that the protons, neutrons and electrons which form the atom are also compounds which give the atom its weight. Therefore, it is yet another scientific miracle of the Quran that attention is drawn instead to the weight of the atom and not its size or any other feature.

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Atomic Energy and Fission

سُوۡرَةُ الاٴنعَام
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ فَالِقُ ٱلۡحَبِّ وَٱلنَّوَىٰ‌ۖ يُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡحَىَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ وَمُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ مِنَ ٱلۡحَىِّ‌ۚ ذَٲلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ‌ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤۡفَكُونَ (٩٥)

Al-Anaam 6:95
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

Lo! Allah splits the seed and kernel. He brings forth the living from the dead, and produces the dead out of the living. That is Allah, so how are you misguided?

سورة الاٴنعَام
شروع الله کے نام سے جو بڑا مہربان نہایت رحم والا ہے

بے شک خدا ہی دانے اور گٹھلی کو پھاڑ کر اگاتا ہے وہی جاندار کو بے جان سے نکالتا ہے اور وہی بےجان کا جاندار سے نکالنے والا ہے۔ یہی تو خدا ہے۔ پھر تم کہاں بہکے پھرتے ہو (۹۵)

The terms "seed" (al-habb) and "kernel" (an-nawa) in the above verse may indicate the splitting of the atom. Indeed, the dictionary meanings of an-nawa include "nucleus, centre, atomic nucleus." Furthermore, the description of bringing forth the living from the dead can be interpreted as Allah creating matter from dead energy. Producing the dead out of the living may refer to energy (dead) emerging from matter (living), since the atom is in motion. (Allah knows best.) That is because as well as "living," al-hayy can also mean "active, energetic." With its meaning of "non-living," al-mayyit, translated above as "dead," may very probably refer to energy.

Scientists define energy as the capacity for doing work. Matter, the material that comprises all things on Earth and in the universe, consists of atoms and molecules that can be seen to be in motion under an electron microscope. In the early twentieth century, Albert Einstein (d. 1955) theorized that matter could be converted into energy, suggesting that the two were inter-related at the atomic level. This may be the bringing forth of the dead from the living, as described above, or, in other words, obtaining energy from matter, which is in motion at the atomic level. In addition, yukhriju, translated as "bringing forth," also means "bringing out, emitting" (as in the case of electrical waves). Therefore, the terms in this verse may be indicating the form of energy obtained from the atom. (Allah knows best.)

Today, atomic nucleus can be split into smaller nuclei by means of nuclear fission.

Scientists can now split the atom by dividing its nucleus. Taking Einstein's theories as their starting point; they obtained energy from matter in the 1940s by means of nuclear fission, the process of splitting the atomic nucleus. The verb faliqu in Surat al-Anam 95, translated as "to split," may be a reference to fission's dictionary meaning: the process of splitting (the atom's nucleus). When this process takes place, enormous amounts of energy are released.

The words in Surat al-Anam 95 are very wise in terms of their meanings. The phenomena described in this verse bear a very close resemblance to the splitting of the atom's nucleus in order to obtain atomic energy. The verse may therefore be a reference to nuclear fission, which was only made possible by twentieth-century technology. (Allah knows best.)

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